LAD#37: Brown vs. Board of Ed., Topeka, Kansas

Linda Brown, a little black girl, was denied the right to go to public school in Topeka, Kansas. This school was one said to be just for whites though. This case, which was eventually brought to the supreme court, was about segregation in schools. The NAACP was quick to jump on this case in hopes that it would end at least this type of segregation. Plessy vs. Ferguson was brought up, which was the case that deemed the "separate but equal" law acceptable. After this case, though, it was officially called unconstitutional and schools were desegregated from that point on.This sparked the Civil Rights movement, causing the United States of America to never be the same again.

LAD #36: Truman Doctrine

After World War Two, America went to work repairing European and Asian countries in attempts to return the world to a state of normalcy once again. However, this was a tough time for the people living in those countries. They turned to communism and regimes because they wanted equality for all, but they ened up taking part in a dictatorship. Some of those countries did not even choose, they were simply taken over. President Truman then addressed Congress, asking for funding to help Greece and Turkey stay away from communism. Bother countries had unstable governments after the war and were being threatened by communist oppressors. Truman's main goal was to protect the democracy in these countries, and his doctrine reflected the United States' policy of containment (stopping the spread of communism) during the cold war.

LAD#35: FDR's Excutive Order #9066

On February 19, 1942, FDR issued excutive order #9066. In this, he said that as president, he gave permission to commanders of the army and navy to attack or inhabit a place if they felt it was necessary. The Secretary of War had to provide safety for all citizens, as well as food, shelter, and other supports. He authorized the use of federal troops and issued a request for the furnishing of hospitals and new centers. It was the duty of the military to provide for the people and take care of America.

LAD #36: FDR's Declaration of War

The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7th in 1941. After this, FDR issued an address to congress asking to declare war upon Japan. December 7th would forever be "a day that would live on in infamy." He says to the people that the Japanese are acting as if nothing was wrong, and seems a bit taken aback by this. Japan was attacking several places several times and increasing hostility in the Pacific region. FDR urged Americans to take a stand and fight against Japan. He wants a war and he wants to show that America is not a country that can be messed with easily. America does go to war.

LAD#33: FDR's First Inaugural Address

Franklin D. Roosevelt gave his first inaugural address on March 4th in 1933. He entered into his presidency while the nation was facing the Great Depression. At this point, he opened with his ideas and his famous New Deal proposition. He said that it was foolish for the country to deny that it was in a depression and that it should openly face it because soon, the country would turn it's economy and be back on its feet. He brought up many points, including the economy and employment. He was concerned about rising tax rates because people were unable to pay their taxes due to the high unemployment rate. His New Deal expressed his desire to give those people jobs. He wanted an honest presidency that was built upon proper ethics and diplomacy. He urged that United States of America to work as one nation; claiming that once we were united as one, our problems would go away quicker. He understood that he was in power and it was his responsibility to lead America out of the depression. He said he would take all actions necessary to deliver the nation to better times.

LAD#32: Kellogg Briand Peace Pact

The Kellogg-Briand Peace Pact was a treaty betwen the United States of America, Germany, Belgium, France, Great Britain, India, Italy, Japan, Poland, and the Czech Republic. It was created to outlaw the use of war and promote the welfare of the citizens of the world. It was not to be used, but replaced by "peaceful and friendly relations." The people at the conference believed that all of their problems would be solved by this treaty. They hoped that other countries all over the world would join this effort to promote worldwide peace. Each party signed agreeing to several articles. If a country declares war on another, they must renounce it. All disputes and conflicts were to be solved through the use of peaceful negotiations. Each country that signed it had to immediately ratify it in their respective countries and put into effect. The treaty was to be held in Washington in America. It is the duty of the government to enforce this treaty.

LAD#31: Wilson's 14 Points

Woodrow Wilson outlined things that he thought should be changed in order to being about world peace once again. He was a pacifist, so he wanted to avoid another world war at any cost possible. These are a summary of the 14 points:

1. No private alliances
2. Freedom of the seas
3. Free trade
4. Restriction of national militaries
5. Equal claims in imperialism
6. Russian freedom of government
7. Repair of Belgium
8. Restoration of French territory
9. Adjustment of Italian Frontier
10. Austria-Hungary would be allowed to govern themselves
11. Balkan states to be given independence
12. Turkey would give its conquered states freedom
13. Poland gives passage of the seas to the world
14. League of nations